Lesson 3: Phytosanitary Systems
Topic 4: Inspections
Inspections are a mandatory component of any phytosanitary system because when performed properly, they are one of the most effective phytosanitary measures in reducing risks of pest introduction.
Objectives:
- Recall the basic process of inspections.
You probably remember the inspections topic because it is one of the most commonly implemented phytosanitary measures. Recall that when performed properly, it is also one of the most effective in reducing risks of pest introduction. According to ISPM 23, “inspection” describes any procedure performed to confirm compliance of required phytosanitary measures in any consignment of plants, plant products, and/or other regulated import/export articles. Phytosanitary compliance is confirmed through visual inspection, documentary checks, and identity and integrity checks. Consignments are accepted, detained, rejected, or require further investigation after inspection determines if an acceptable level of phytosanitary compliance has been achieved. This decision is made after completing an inspection and applies to both imported and exported goods.
Robust and consistent inspection programs are desirable because they strengthen the phytosanitary protection system by delivering reliable results. Findings from inspection efforts can be used in various aspects of plant protection efforts, but inspection data is necessary for performing PRA, supporting PFA, and phytosanitary certification.
It is the NPPO’s responsibility to ensure the integrity of their inspection program. They have the sole authority to conduct inspections of consignments or to designate an equally qualified group to inspect. Inspectors should be selected with care, and the NPPO must provide ongoing training and oversight to ensure inspector success. Below is a brief review of the qualities and skills inspectors should possess.
- Inspectors must be authorized by the NPPO to perform phytosanitary inspections. They must also provide full accountability for all of their decisions. This requires integrity.
- Inspectors must possess technical skill and proven competency in detecting pests.
- They must have knowledge, or access to people and resources with knowledge, to accurately identify all of the following: pests, plants, plant products, and other regulated articles.
- Inspectors must have access to appropriate inspection facilities, tools, and equipment. They must be able to use this equipment to detect pests.
- Inspectors should be familiar with written guidelines provided by the NPPO. They must also be able to easily access these guidelines. Guidelines and other resources should include current regulations, manuals, and pest lists.
- Familiarity with other country’s regulatory agency operations, especially NPPOs of frequent trading partners is very desirable.
- The most important quality of an inspector is an objective and impartial mindset. They must be willing to inspect every consignment with the same, non-biased methods and then stand by their decisions based on the outcomes of the inspection.
Finally, we will quickly review the three steps common to all inspection processes.
After these steps are completed, you will be able to make regulatory decisions about what should happen to the consignment. For example, if no pests are detected and everything is in order, you may release the cargo for distribution. If there are issues with the consignment, you will need to choose one of many other regulatory options, such as holding, re-exporting or destroying the cargo.
Inspections are an integral part of multiple areas of phytosanitary programs. Inspectors are chosen with care and consistently trained by the NPPO. Please review Module 11: Inspections for more details on these concepts.
To continue, select Topic 5 from the Lessons menu above or click here.